核电站堆功率调节器的设计与改进

Design and improvement of nuclear reactor power controller

随着核电在我国能源结构中所占比例的逐步增加,一方面在电网需要进行网厂协调,使核电站能适应电网调峰、调频甚至电网AGC(Automatic Gain Control)方式的需求;另一方面在核电站,需要设计既适应以模式G为运行要求,又能保证其安全经济性能的控制系统。本文以反应堆为对象,对反应堆功率调节系统进行设计与改进,提出了三回路PID(Proportional,Integral,Derivative)控制系统保证控制棒棒位的精确控制。该方法跟踪调节性能好、鲁棒性强、能消除不可测干扰,对反应堆参与电网调峰具有现实意义。仿真结果表明了该方法的正确性和有效性。

Background： The proportion of nuclear power is gradually increasing in China＇s energy structure. Purpose： On one hand, power grid and power plant coordination in the electricity grid system requires the nuclear power plants to adapt the needs of the peak regulation, frequence modification （FM）, and even the grid AGC （Automatic Gain Control） mode. On the other hand, it is necessary to design a control system that can adapt the model G for the operation requirements, and ensure the safe and economic performance. Methods： With an experimental reactor as the research object and MATLAB/SIMULINK as test toolkit, we designed an improved the reactor power control system, and adopted three-loop PID （Proportional, Integral, Derivative） control system to ensure the precision control of a control rod. Results： The simulation results show that the method presented in the paper achieved better tracking performance and robustness. It can work against the unmeasurable disturbances. Conclusion： It is of practical significance for the reactor participating in the peak regulation of power grid, and the three-loop PID control system shows its improvement for reactor power control.