风机叶片雷电易击点模型试验技术研究分析

Scale Model Experiment Technology for Lightning Attachment Points of Wind Turbine Blades

模型试验是研究风机叶片雷击特性及其防雷措施效果的重要方式,近年来国外对此进行了大量研究。本文以风机全尺寸叶片模型、全尺寸叶尖样品模型和风机缩比模型试验方法为主,总结了风机叶片雷电易击点模型试验技术领域的研究进展,包括间隙距离和模型叶片尺寸、试验电压的极性和波形等试验所涉及的关键参数,分析并比较了试验方法以及包括叶片雷电易击点分布、接闪器截闪效率影响因素等主要试验结果之间的异同。通过总结分析,得出当前开展风机叶片雷电易击点模型试验研究需要进一步深入研究的方面。

Scale model experiment is an important way to study the lightning stroke characteristics and lightning protection effects of wind turbine blades, so a lot of experiments have been conducted in recent years. This research focuses on the scale model experiment methods, including full-scale turbine blade model, full-scale blade tip specimen model and reduced-scale turbine model. The recent progress of scale model experiment technology on lightning attachment points of wind turbine blades is summarized, including the key parameters of the test, such as discharge distance, the dimension of blade, and the polarity and waveform of the test voltage. Then comparative analysis is made on the different influences of test methods on the major test results about lightning attachment point distribution and lightning receptor inception efficiency. Finally, some future research directions are proposed about the scale model experiment on lightning attachment points of wind turbine blades.