整合与反思:基于要素与结构视角的体育文化模式辨析

Integration and Reflection:Analysis of Sports Culture Patterns from the Perspective of Basic Elements and Structure

体育文化模式是从整体上制约体育活动、和谐体育行为、表达体育内涵与价值观、整合文化秩序、影响人的精神状态的文化价值子系统,是构成体育实践活动最为深层的思想文化基础,对体育实践活动具有主导影响的、决定体育实践活动指向的一种文化形态。体育文化模式的存在是以基本要素和基础结构为表现的,价值观体系、文化心理、体育文化符号、体育语境、体育体制、评价体系、信息来源、传播方式、传播路径、体育活动、体育知识、交往方式等是体育文化模式的基本要素。体育文化模式的基本要素归结在4个层面:理念层,制度层,信息层,实践层。体育文化模式的结构形式为嵌套型结构,并具有统一性、稳定性、开放性、文化优势与文化弱点共存一体、隐性和显性等特点。

Sports culture patterns is a sub-system of cultural values which serves to condition sports activities, adjust sports conducts, convey sports con- notation and values, regulate cultural order and influence the mental state of mankind on the whole. It is also a cultural form which constitutes the most profound ideological and cultural basis, exerts a dominant influence, and defines the direction, of sports activities. Sports culture patterns is manifested in the fornls of the basic elements and the structure, with the former including value systems, cultural psychology, sports culture symbols, sports system, e- valuation system, sports context, communication mechanisms, sports knowledge, sports exchanges and sports activities, which can be further generalized into four levels, namely, ideological, institutional, informational and practical, while the latter being represented in the form of a nested structure, which bears the features of unity, stability, openness, coexistence and integration of cultural strengths and weaknesses, combination of explicitness and implicit- ness, etc.