2002-2012年云南省巍山县麻疹发病情况分析

Morbidity of Measles in Weishan County of Yunnan Province,2002-2012

目的了解云南省巍山县麻疹流行病学特征现状,为预防和控制麻疹提供参考依据。方法收集2002-2012年巍山县麻疹发病资料和麻疹疫苗接种资料,应用描述性流行病学方法进行统计分析。结果 2002-2012年麻疹发病共68例,无死亡病例,年平均发病率2.01/10万;2005-2008年出现6起暴发疫情;2009年后发病大幅度下降。年发病高峰期为1-3月;15岁以下儿童发病50例(73.52%),7岁以下的儿童发病28例(41.12%);散居儿童24例(35.29%),学生28例(41.76%),农民12例(17.65%);仅28例有麻疹疫苗免疫史,无免疫史18例,免疫史不详22例。结论巍山县麻疹流行情况存在波动且伴随暴发,应该重点提高易感人群的麻疹疫苗接种率。

Objective To understand the current epidemiological characteristics of measles in Weishan county of Yunnan province, and to provide prevention and control references. Methods Data of measles and measlesvaccination within 2002 -2012 were collected and analyzed with descriptive epidemiological methods. Results Altogether 68 cases of measles were reported, with no deaths, the average annual incidence was 2. 01/105 ; 6 outbreaks happened during 2005 -2008 and the incidence decreased dramatically since 2009. The incidence peaked in January to March. The cases in children with age of 15 or below reached to 50 （73.52%） and 28 cases were reported in 7 or below age group （41.12%）. The distribution of the cases were： scattered chil- dren, 24 （35.29%） ; students, 28 （41.76%） and peasants, 12 （17.65%）. Only 28 cases had a vacci- nation history, 18 had no vaccination history and 22 cases＇ vaccination history was unclear. Conclusion The prevalence of measles in Weishan county is fluctuating and accompanied with outbreaks, and thus more efforts should be made to elevate the vaccination rate among vulnerable populations.