宣城市HIV合并隐孢子虫感染现状调查分析

Co-infection Status of HIV and Cryptosporidium in Xuancheng City

目的了解安徽省宣城市HIV合并隐孢子虫感染现状及其影响因素。方法采用改良抗酸染色法对宣城市342名HIV感染者的粪便样本进行隐孢子卵囊的检测,同时采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法检测血清中特异抗体IgM和IgG,以确定其隐孢子虫感染情况;检测血液标本中CD4+T淋巴细胞及CD8+T淋巴细胞数量;进行问卷调查,探讨合并感染的影响因素。结果隐孢子虫感染率为9.36%,单因素分析结果显示,HIV合并隐孢子虫感染在不同年龄段、不同饮用水源、体内CD4+T淋巴细胞及CD8+T淋巴细胞数量、是否抗病毒治疗及是否服用过驱虫药物的调查对象中其感染率的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素Logistic分析表明,合并感染与饮用地表水(OR值0.067,95%CI:0.021,0.215)及CD4+T淋巴细胞≤350个/μl(OR值4.276,95%CI:1.294,14.124)存在相关性。结论安徽省宣城市HIV合并隐孢子虫感染率相对较高,年龄、饮用水源、体内CD4+T淋巴细胞、未进行抗病毒治疗及未服用过驱虫药等因素与感染隐孢子虫有关,应采取重点防治措施。

Objective To study the co - infection status of HIV and cryptosporidium and associated factors. Methods A total of 342 HIV infected persons in Xuancheng city were recruited and their fecal samples were collected for detection of cryptosporidium oocysts and blood samples were collected for detection of the anti- bodies （IgM and IgG） against cryptosporidium by ELISA; counts of CD4 ＋ T lymphocytes and CD8 ~ T lym- phocytes in blood samples were determined as well. Meanwhile, questionnaire survey was conducted to ana- lyze the associated factors of co - infection. Results The total infection rate of cryptosporidium was 9.36%. The differences of co - infection among different age groups, sources of drinking water, the number of CD4 ＋ T lymphocytes and the number of CD8 ~ T lymphocytes, conditions on antivirus treatment and taking antihel- minthic drugs were statistically significant （ all P 〈 0. 05 ）. Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that there were correlation with infection and drinking surface water （OR： 0. 067, 95% CI： 0. 021, 0.215）, CD4 ＋ T lymphocytes 〈 350/p1 （OR： 4. 276, 95% CI： 1. 294, 14. 124）. Conclusion The co- infection rate of HIV and cryptosporidium is relatively high： age. dfinkin~ surface water, number ofCD4 ＋ T lymphocytes and with no antiviral treatment or antihelmintie treatment are associated factors, which de- serve focused prevention measures.