中印在跨界河流上的利益诉求与相互依赖--以雅鲁藏布江-布拉马普特拉河为例

National Interests and Interdependence:China,India and the Case of the Yarlung Zangbo-Brahmaputra River

本文对中印跨界河流问题的研究现状进行了评述,梳理了中印两国在跨界河流上的利益诉求,认为两国在跨界河流问题上的利益诉求既存在着相似之处,也存在着重大的差别。利益诉求的差异导致了中印在跨界河流问题上虽然存在着相互依赖,但这种相互依赖是不对称的相互依赖,双方的敏感性是不同的,这应该成为中国应对中印跨界河流问题的出发点。中国应将跨界河流与边界问题进行捆绑谈判、将水文信息共享与水资源开发利用进行捆绑谈判等三项措施来应对中印跨界河流问题。

This paper reviews the literature on transboundary river issues between India and China. It identifies the respective interests of China and India with regard to their shared river system, and argues that there are both similarities and differences in these interests. These differences mean that while India and China are highly interdependent, this interdependence is asymmetric, the two sides having different sensitivities, and regularly experiencing conflict. In negotiating settlement of this dispute, China should link the transboundary river issue with the Sino - India border dispute and further link the sharing of hydrological in- formation and the development of water resources.