美国民众对中国崛起的认知

The American Public Perception of the Rise of China

本文对美国多家机构的民调结果进行了纵向和横向比较,考察了美国民众对于中国崛起的认知及其成因。多项民意调查的结果显示,进入21世纪以来,美国民众对于中国的崛起有了更多的认知。尽管美国人对于中国的总体印象并没有发生明显的变化,但越来越多的美国民众持有或认同"中国威胁论"的看法。不过,在如何处理中美关系的问题上,美国民众的观点明显出现了分化。尽管要求对华强硬的声音一直存在,但大多数美国人认为强有力的中美关系是重要的,并期望两国在关键的政策领域进行更多的合作。美国人的"中国观"是由多种复杂因素交互影响下逐步积淀而成。中国要提高自己的"软实力",改善中国在美国社会的形象,也将是一项漫长的综合工程。

Based on vertical and horizontal comparisons and analysis of the results of various public opinion polls by different American organizations,this article examines the American public perception on the rise of China and the factors influencing the perception.The results of these opinion polls indicate that there is a growing awareness of the rise of China in American society since the beginning of the 21st century.Although the general impression of the Americans on China doesnt change much,American people increasingly hold or approve the view of so called'China threat'.Meanwhile,American public view divides on how to deal with U.S.-China relations.Despite long existence of the tough stance toward China in the United States,most Americans believe that it is essential to maintain strong U.S.-China relations and hope that the two countries can seek more cooperations in key policy areas.Because American views on China are formed by interactions of various complicated factors,China will go through a lengthy and comprehensive process to enhance its soft power and improve its image in American society.