柳亚子毛泽东诗缘笺释——以1949年前后“柳毛唱和”为聚焦

Poetry Exchange between Liu Ya-zi and Mao Ze-dong

1949年，柳亚子呈诗毛泽东，抒发了内心的“牢骚”。毛泽东以诗赠答，试图安抚慰藉之。解读此次唱和及“牢骚”的内涵，必须追溯二人诗交的历史，尤其要细致分析1949～1951年之间柳亚子心迹的微妙变化。柳敢于直抒“牢骚”，是因为在柳毛诗缘中积累了足够的资本。“牢骚”受到压抑之后，转变为“闷骚”。原因在于自我期许与现实政治之间的巨大反差。究其根源，则在于未能仰观俯察，建立真正牢固的价值根基。

Liu Ya-zi wrote a poem to Mao Ze-dong to make some complaints about his situation in 1949. To placate his discontentment, Mao Ze-dong replied it with a poem, too. It is held in this paper that it is impossible to understand the true meaning of Liu＇s complaints and the significance of their poem writing and replying at this moment unless the history of their poetry exchange is traced and illustrated, especially the subtle changes of Liu＇s mind from 1949 to1951. Liu dared to complain to Mao directly because he believed that he had gained enough political influence from their poetry exchange. After being blamed by Mao, Liu＇s courage to complain overtly disappeared. Liu＇s changing from overt complaints to covert ones results from his wrong self-expectations and his incorrect judgments about the political reality in China at that time.