CALUX法检测食品中的二噁英类化学污染物：产生,发展与展望

Determination of dioxin and dioxin-like contaminants in food using the CALUX bioassay:development,status and prospect

二噁英类化学物质是环境中广泛存在的一类化学污染物,这类化学物质具有毒性强、不易降解、易产生生物富集和生物放大等特性,传统的气相色谱质谱(GC/MS)检测方法存在昂贵、耗时、操作要求高等局限性。目前越来越多的科研和商业机构及政府部门开始用化学激活荧光素酶表达法(CALUX)来检测食品、饲料、环境样品和消费品中的二噁英类物质。CALUX检测法是用含荧光素酶报告基因的重组细胞来检测二噁英类物质的一种生物检测法。文中着重就CALUX法的产生背景、应用现状、分析原理和操作注意事项进行了介绍和展望。CALUX法与GC/MS法和其他一些生物检测法相比,具有快速、低廉、敏感、能同时检测大量样品等显著优势,是一个适用于对食品中的二噁英污染物进行常规监测,筛选和半定量分析的有效方法。

Dioxin and dioxin-like chemicals represent a group of widespread environmental contaminants that are resistant to biological and chemical degradation and tend to bioaccumulate and biomagnify throughout the food chain.GC / MS determination of dioxin and dioxin-like chemicals is limited in its application due to its high costs,time consuming,sophisticated operation procedures and training. Therefore, Chemical-Activated Luciferase Expression（ CALUX） bioassay is increasingly being used by research and commercial laboratories or government agencies for the determination of dioxins and dioxin-like chemicals in food,feed,environmental samples and commercial products.The CALUX bioassay is a cell assay that uses recombinant cells containing luciferase reporter gene for the detection.This review describes the development of CALUX assay and its application,the mechanism of dioxin action and the analysis procedure. In comparison with the classical chemical analysis and other bioassay techniques,the CALUX bioassay has been proved to be a fast,sensitive,cost effective and high-throughput screening approach. It can be a powerful and promising tool for screening and analyzing dioxin and dioxin-like contaminants in food materials and food products.