重塑村庄治理基础的村户联结机制——以湖北省平原村村级产业发展为例

On the Mechanism of the Village Governance: the Links Between Village Community and Peasants——An Case Study of the Village Industry of PingYuan Village in Hubei Province

在村庄范围内,农民以家户成为生产的主体,而家户与村庄的联结就成为村庄治理有效实现的基础。作为治理基础的村户制联结机制的塑造经历了传统"自由小农"基础上的文化联结、政治深嵌下的组织化联结和现代"自由小农"基础上的民主联结,但进入到后税费时代之后的村户制基础不仅因为市场力量的不断侵袭而松动,也因国家政策的转变而松弛,更因为民主机制的联结不仅没有锻造反而扭断了村庄治理的基础,在要继续推进现代化和乡村发展的趋势下,以村级产业发展为支点将是重塑村户制联结的有效机制之一。村级产业的发展让以家庭经济为本位的农民在村庄内"有忙头",而由市场中历练出的经济能人整合了"村—户—市场",在空间上实现了"村—组—户"三者的联动。

In the rural society, the households become the main subject of agricultural production, and the links between village community and Peasants became the basis of effective village governance. Since modern era, China's rural social links have experienced great transformation, the pattern of social link changed from cultural links to party organizing links and democratic links. In contemporary China rural society, the peasants become more and more free as a result of the development of market economy, yet in the same breath the democratic links created by villagers' self-governance unable to take the responsibility of being the stable foundation of rural governance. In this article, the author discuss the possibility that the village industries can give play to integrate the village and forge the new social links to improve the village governance and village democracy.