冷战后世界社会主义运动的发展及其面临的挑战

The Development and the Challenge of World's Socialist Movement After the Cold War

冷战结束以后,世界社会主义运动的发展以1998年国际金融危机为分界线,分为两个阶段。前者以社会主义运动的动荡、分化、瓦解和对苏联模式的反思为主要特点,后者以对资本主义的分析、批判和对马克思主义理论、社会主义发展的探索为中心内容。当前,世界社会主义运动的发展总体稳定,但仍然处于曲折探索之中,面临多方面的严峻挑战。社会主义各国仍然面临推进改革和深化改革的艰巨任务。发展中国家的共产党组织需要适应环境、调整政策,探索新的发展道路。发达国家的共产党组织要坚持政治主流地位,防止被边缘化。世界社会主义运动已度过苏东剧变后最艰难的时光,稳住阵脚,走出低谷,逐步得到恢复和发展,但距离复兴仍然是任重道远。要实现世界社会主义运动的发展和复兴,仍然有许多深层次的理论和实践问题需要解决:如何顺应时代的发展、形势的变化,坚持与时俱进;如何实现理论的创新和突破,为运动的发展提供正确的指导方针;如何发展壮大共产党的组织;如何形成强大的"合力",推动世界社会主义运动的复兴。

After the end of the Cold War, the development of the world socialist movement, which regards the international financial crisis as the dividing line, divided into two stages. The former with the characteristics of the instability, differentiation, disintegration of the socialist movement and that of the reflections on the former Soviet Union, while the latter uses the analysis and criticism of capitalism along with the theory of Marxism and the exploration of the socialist movement as the central content. Currently, the development of the world socialist movement generally is stable, but it is still under tortuous exploration, faced with many severe challenges. Socialist countries are still facing the formidable task of carrying forward and deepening the reform. The communist organizations of the developing countries need to adapt to the environment, adjust policies, and explore new path of the development. The communist organizations in the developing countries should adhere to the political mainstream, preventing being marginalized. The world socialist movement had pulled through the hardest time of the collapse of the former Soviet Union and changes to the East Europe, it has held its ground and led the way out, however, there is still a long way to recovery. In order to realize the development and the renaissance of the world socialist movement, there are still many problems of deep theory and practice to be solved: how to comply with the development of the times as well as the changes of the situation and advance with the times; how to realize and breakthrough the theory, which provides the correct guidance for the socialist development; how to develop the communist organizations well; how to form a strong force to promote the revival of the world socialist movement,etc.