日照市2009—2012年农村生活饮用水水质卫生学指标监测分析

Monitoring on Hygiene Indices of Rural Area Drinking Water in Rizhao City,2009-2012

[目的]了解日照市农村生活饮用水卫生状况,为进一步提高农村生活饮用水管理水平提供依据。[方法]在日照市辖区内随机选取饮水工程,于丰水期和枯水期分别采集出厂水与末梢水水样进行检测。[结果]2009—2012年共采集水样946份,合格水样占59.30%,2009、2010、2011及2012年水样合格率分别为36.36%、38.24%、68.30%和68.37%。不同年份合格率差别有统计学意义(χ2=46.58,P<0.0001);枯水期合格率高于丰水期(χ2=12.12,P=0.0005);出厂水合格率高于末梢水(χ2=33.15,P<0.0001)。[结论]日照市农村生活饮用水的主要卫生问题是微生物超标,个别理化指标不合格现象也不容忽视。

[ Objective ] To understand the hygienic status of rural drinking water in Rizhao city, and to provide basis for further improvement of rural area drinking water hygiene management. [ Methods ] Drinking water supply projects in the rural area of Rizhao city were selected randomly and the samples of finished water and tap water were tested both in flooding and dry seasons. [ Results ] From 2009 to 2012, 946 water samples were collected and the total qualified rate was 59.30%. The qualified rates were 36.36%, 38.24%, 68.30%, and 68.37% for selected years respectively. The difference in qualified rates among the four testing years were statistically significant （X2=46.58, P〈 0.000 1）; the qualified rates of water samples in the dry season was higher than those in the flooding season （X2=12.12, P=0.0005）; the qualified rates of the finished water samples were higher than those of the tap water samples （X2=33.15, P 〈 0.0001）. [ Conclusion ] The most important problem of rural drinking water is unqualified microorganism index. Some unqualified physical and chemical indices also need to be addressed.