论气候正义

On Climate Justice

气候正义是指在应对气候变化的整个过程和所有方面公平地对待所有实体和个人的价值体系,它是被作为一个价值论、方法论和实践论的综合概念来理解的。根据不同的标准和需要,可以将气候正义进行不同的分类。以法律规范的性质为标准,可以将其分为实体气候正义和程序气候正义。气候正义具有历史性、全球性、普遍性、综合性的特征。研究气候正义具有重要的实践和理论价值。气候正义的价值理念体现在立法所应坚持的基本原则,即最脆弱者优先原则、原因者负担原则、排放权平等原则、传统使用维持原则。根据气候正义的要求,中国正在起草制定的《应对气候变化法》的立法目的应具有多元性,并坚持"科学规划、统筹安排,预防为主、减适并重,政府推动、市场引导,企业实施、公众参与,各方合作、公平负担"的原则,同时建立保证这些原则实现的一系列管理制度。

Climate justice is a system of values by which all entities and individuals are treated fairly in the whole process and all dimensions of our responses to the climate change.It is understood as a synthetic concept across axiology,methodology and the theory of practice.According to different standards and needs,climate justices can be classified differently.In terms of nature of laws and regulations,they can be divided into substantial and procedural climate justices.Climate justices have the features of the historical,the global,the universal and the comprehensive.It is of great theoretical and practical significance to study climate justices.The values of climate justices are represented in the fundamental principles which should be adhered to in legislation: the most vulnerable is priority,originator's responsibility,equality of rights in emission,maintenance of traditional uses.According to the requirements of climate justices,the legislative purposes of the Confronting Climate Change Act which is now being drawn should be multiple and adhered to such principles as'scientific planning,making overall arrangements,prevention in the first place,paying attentions to both reduction and adaption,governmental promotion,the market leading,implementation by enterprises,cooperation among all sides,fair burdens.'Meanwhile,a series of management systems should be set up to guarantee the realization of the principles.