海外纪念性历史博物馆当代公共教育的价值取向与实践路径——结合侵华日军南京大屠杀遇难同胞纪念馆的共时态研究

Value Orientation And Practice Path of Contemporary Public Education of Overseas Commemorative History Museum --Synchronic study with The Memorial Hall of The Victims in Nanjing Massacre by Japanese Invaders

本文在对海外当代纪念性历史博物馆公共教育的价值取向及其实践路径问题进行梳理的基础上。结合侵华日军南京大屠杀遇难同胞纪念馆公共教育的理念与实践，较为深入地探讨了当代纪念性历史博物馆公共教育的一些重要理论问题。本文认为，纪念性历史博物馆公共教育的核心价值在于让观众借由纪念馆的“场所体验”，逐步建立“个体记忆”，同时消除思维定势，接受历史真相，从而提升对暴力本质的理解，增强个体批判性思考的能力，最终达到勇于承担社会责任，更好肩负历史使命，大力促进人类和平的重要目的。文：季就“场所体验之于自我反省”、“认知感悟之于态度行为转变”、“艺术设计之于审美体验与移情”三个方面进行论述。

Based on the history of museum public education value orientation and practical path of Contempora- ry Overseas Memor/al on carding, combined with The Memorial Hall of The Victims in Nanjing Massacre by Japa- nese Invaders of the theory and practice of public education, this paper discusses some important theoretical prob- lems of Contemporary Memorial Museum of the history of public education. The core value of the history museum, memorial public education is to let the audience by memorial ＂place experience＂ , and gradually establish a ＂indi- vidual memory＂ , while eliminating the thinking, to accept the truth of history, so as to enhance the understanding of the nature of violence, the individual critical thinking ability, to undertake social responsibility, better shoulder the historical mission, vigorously promote the important objective of peace of mankind. The article consists of ＂site experience in self reflection＂, ＂cognitive perception to the attitude and behavior change＂, ＂design art in aesthetic experience and empathy＂ three aspects.