中美俄创新集群建设模式比较研究

Comparison Study on Patterns for Building Innovation Clusters in China,United States and Russia

在梳理创新集群基本概念与关键特征基础上,对比了2010年以来中国、美国、俄罗斯创新集群的主要模式和促进政策。美国以"自下而上"模式为主,中国、俄罗斯以"自上而下"模式为主。中国、美国、俄罗斯都将创新集群作为应对金融危机,促进科技经济相结合、产学研协同创新的重要战略举措,并给予了大量促进政策措施。美国、俄罗斯的创新集群实践可为我国的创新集群建设提供借鉴和启示。

First of all, this paper reviewed the basic concept and key characteristics of innovation cluster. Then we compared main patterns of innovation clusters and promotion policies between China, United States and Russia since 2010. The United States model is mainly ＂bottom-up＂ while China and Russia is giving priority to ＂top-down＂ pattern. China, United States and Russia all take innovation clusters as key instruments to overcome financial crisis, promoting the combination of science and technology, and col- laboration innovation between industry, university and research. The experiences of United States and Russia can provide us with refer- ence and enlightenment.