油气成藏动力学及其研究进展

DYNAMICS OF PETROLEUM ACCUMULATION AND ITS ADVANCES

成藏动力学是综合利用地质、地球物理、地球化学手段和计算机模拟技术 ,在盆地演化历史中和输导格架下 ,通过能量场演化及其控制的化学动力学、流体动力学和运动学过程分析 ,研究沉积盆地油气形成、演化和运移过程和聚集规律的综合性学科。成藏动力学研究的基础是盆地演化历史和流体输导格架 ,研究的核心是能量场 (包括温度场、压力场、应力场 )演化及其控制的化学动力学和流体动力学过程。 2 0世纪 90年代以来 ,成藏动力学研究的进展表现在 :( 1)流体输导系统预测能力的提高 ;( 2 )能量场演化机制及其控制的化学动力学过程和流体流动样式研究的深入 ;( 3)油气成藏机理研究的深化 ;( 4 )计算机模拟技术的改进。在进一步认识与油气成藏密切相关的化学动力学和流体动力学过程和机理的基础上 ,实现盆地温度场、压力场、应力场的耦合和流体流动、能量传递和物质搬运的三维模拟 ,是成藏动力学的重要发展方向。

Dynamics of Petroleum accumulation is a synthetical discipline to study the kinetic and dynamic processes of petroleum generation, evolution, migration and accumulation in sedimentary basins by integrated geological, geophysical and geochemical means and computer modeling techniques. The dynamics of petroleum accumulation is based on the basin evolution histories and conduit framework, and the key is the evolution of the energy fields including temperature, pressure and stress fields and the kinetic and dynamical processes accounting for petroleum generation and accumulation. For last 10 years or so, some important advances in dynamics of petroleum accumulation are the following: (1) increases in the ability to predict conduit systems in sedimentary basins; (2) developments in the study of the mechanisms of energy field evolution, the kinetic and dynamical processes of fluid evolution as well as fluid flow styles controlled by the energy field; (3) advances in the study of the mechanisms of petroleum accumulation; (4) improvements of the computer modeling techniques. To realize coupled modeling of temperature, pressure and stress fields and fluid flow, energy transfer and transportation of chemical materials on the basis of better understanding of the kinetic and dynamical processes relevant to petroleum accumulation is an important area for further development of dynamics of petroleum accumulation.