中国环境生态形势的空间分异研究

A Study on Distribution of Eco environmental Situation in China

在国内外环境生态形势研究的基础上 ,结合我国的环境生态形势特征 ,构建了我国环境生态形势的评价指标体系 ,以县域为单位 ,进行了自然、社会、经济多因素的综合性研究 ,定量计算出各县环境生态形势指标值 ,绘制成图。可见 ,我国危急环境生态形势主要分布在自然地理环境的过渡带和人类生产活动的不稳定带上 (包括农牧交错带和不同行政单元的交界地带 ) ,这些地区表现出强烈的界面性和波动性。了解我国环境生态形势的空间分异规律可为区域环境的开发。

Based on the latest research on eco environmental situation and analysis of the characteristics of eco environmental situation in China with the principle of choosing index, a set of indices on the eco environmental situations in China has been brought out. And the mathematical models for each index has been created. With the powerful systematic analytical tool, GIS, and data base management system, this thesis classifies each index, calculates their weight by county level unit, and colligate them into a holistic map of the eco environmental situations in China. Analysis from the map indicates that the serious eco environmental situation is mainly distributed on the strap of geophysical transition and the lands used by unstable human activities especially those places that farms and range lands inter located or crossing lands between different administration units which show obvious characteristic of interface and undulation. The greatest critically ecological situation belt is situated on the second terrain between the eastern lower lands and the western higher plateau, which occupies from the northeast to the southwest. To the eastern and the southern areas of the belt, ecological situation is obviously better, especially those along the coastal zones. It will provide references to the policy makers and benefit regionally environmental exploration and utilization in the near future.