己易心性:杨慈湖易哲学的心学建构

The Self as Change Based on Heart /mind and Nature: On Yang Cihu's Change-oriented Philosophy Constructed on Heart /mind Theory

杨慈湖是宋明时期心学派易学承上启下的主要代表人物,上接明道与象山,下启阳明与龙溪,认为易之理即人之心,并惟以人心为主,以个人的自我意识为易道本源,象数事物皆在所略,以不起意为宗,籍此诠释易之卦爻辞以及《彖》、《象》、《文言》三传,又通论易理,建立了较为完备的以己易心性为总体特征的心学派易哲学体系,是此一学派中最为突出的代表,其易学特点和解《易》风格直接影响到明季以后心学派的解《易》路数。

Yang Cihu 杨滋湖 （a. k. a. Yang Jian 杨简 ） （ 1141-1225 ） is a representative figure of Yi learning of the school of heart/ mind studies in the Song-Ming （960-1644） times whose idea succeeded Cheng Hao＇ s 程颢 （ 1032-85 ） and Lu Jiuyuan＇ s 陆九渊 （1139-93） thought before him and inspired Wang Yangming 王阳明 （1472-1529） and Wang Longxi 王龙溪 （1498-1583） after him. He contends that the principle of change is nothing but man＇ s heart/mind, only views man＇ s heart/mind as the ruler and man＇ S of self as the origin of the Dao （ Way ） of change while images and numbers as well as events ought to be ignored and one ought not to let his thinking arise. Basing himself on these views, he interpreted the basic text of the Changes as well as the ＂Commentary on the Judgments,＂ the ＂Commentary on the Images,＂ and the ＂Commentary on the Words of the Text,＂ additionally with a general discussion on the principle of change, by which he established a comparatively comprehensive Yi-oriented philosophy characteristic of the self as change based on heart/mind and human nature and thus became the most outstanding figure of this school. The features of his Yi learning bermeneutic style directly exerted influences on the bermeneutic approaches to the Changes of the heart/ mind school from the late Ming dynasty （ 1368-1644} on.