新型城镇化视野下的重点生态功能区的新农村建设——关于海南白沙美丽乡村建设的调研

New Countryside Construction of the Key Ecological Functional Areas in the Perspective of New Urbanization——A Survey on Beautiful Village Construction in Baisha Hainan

新型城镇化不仅要防止城市病,而且要让农村居民特别是重点生态功能区的居民享受城市文明而又不破坏生态,实现城乡统筹发展。我国重点生态功能区集中在中西部山区,多数是国家级贫困县。重点生态功能区的新农村建设是新型城镇化的重要组织部分。海南省白沙县的美丽乡村建设为推进国家重点生态功能区的新农村建设做了有益探索。白沙个案表明:要实现新型城镇化的目标,国家必须完善生态补偿机制,加强国家重点生态功能区的新农村建设,优先安排资金,按生态文明的理念改造贫困村庄的住房和完善公共服务体系,使当地居民既能享受与城镇居民同等的基本公共服务和居住条件,又能提高生态文明水平特别是生态产品的生产能力。

New urbanization is not only to prevent urban diseases, but also to let rural residents especially the key ecological functional area residents to enjoy the city civilization without destroying the ecological environ- ment, and finally balances urban and rural development. Key ecological functional districts in China concentrate in the central and western mountains and most are the national poverty counties. The new rural construction of key ecological function areas is an important part of new urbanization. The construction of Baisha County in Hain- an province has made beneficial exploration in the new rural construction of key ecological function areas. The case of Baisha shows that in order to implement the goal of the new urbanization, the country must improve the ecological compensation mechanism, strengthen the construction of new countryside and give priority to the fun- ding. The reconstruction in poor village housing and the improvement of public service system should base on the concept of ecological civilization, so that local residents can enjoy the equal basic public services and living con- ditions as urban residents. Meanwhile it can improve the level of ecological civilization especially ecological pro- duction capacity.