甲午战争以来中国学校体育价值观演化及其时代内涵探究

The Values of School P. E. in China since the Sino-Japanese War of 1894 and the Corresponding Time Connotations

甲午战争结束至新中国成立这个时期可以第一次世界大战结束为界,粗分为两个阶段:前者中国学校体育价值观主要强调体育应满足"强国保种"需要,时代内涵是国家面临亡国灭种的危险;后者中国学校体育价值观主要强调体育应满足"儿童"需要,时代内涵是国家亡国灭种的威胁基本解除,亲美效美情绪萌生并茁壮成长。新中国成立至今可以十一届三中全会召开为界,粗分为两个阶段。前者中国学校体育价值观主要强调体育应满足"建设祖国,保卫祖国"需要,时代内涵是国家一穷二白且时时面临外来威胁;后者中国学校体育价值观渐趋多元,这是改革开放背景下整个社会价值多元现象在中国学校体育价值观问题上的投射。

From the end of the first Sino - Japanese war to the foundation of new China, the two periods are divided by the end of the first world war. In the first period, the values of school P. E in China focused on the ex- istence of country and the background was that the existence of country had been threatened ; while in the second period, the values of school P. E in China focused on the interest of children because the existence of country had been ensured and the pro - american sentiments had been founded. The period which is from the founding of new China to the Third Plenary Session of the llth Central Committee focused the values of school P. E in China on how to make country strong because China was weak and threatened by the other countries. In the period which is from the Third Plenary Session of the l lth Central Committee to now, school P.E. has multiple values because the values of whole society is multiple in the background of the reform and opening- up policy.