MicroRNA在肺癌中的表达及其临床意义

The expression and clinical application of microRNA in lung cancer

肺癌是一种发病率高、死亡率高和对化疗不敏感的常见恶性肿瘤,基于基因水平对肺癌的个性化治疗已有了很大的进步,但仍无明显改变高死亡率,亟需为肺癌的早期诊断,靶向治疗和预后判断寻找特异性的靶分子。microRNA是一种单链非编码小分子RNA,通过转录后水平调控基因的表达,涉及到肿瘤细胞的分化、增殖、死亡等多种生物进程。本文对microRNA在肺癌早期诊断,治疗和预后方面的研究现状作综述。

Lung cancer is a malignant tumor with the highest morbidity and mortality. Although personalized therapy based on the genetic alterations has made considerable progress in the last decade,the high mortality rate is not markedly changed. Thus,novel biomarkers are extensively needed for early diagnosis,targeted therapy as well as prognosis of lung cancers. MicroRNA is a class of endogenous,small, noncoding RNAs that recognize the specified mRNA targets,and regulate gene expression negatively by promoting the degradation of mRNA and inhibiting the translation processes, involve various biological processes, such as cellular differentiation, proliferation and cell death,thus making it a potential cancer biomarkers. This review provides an overview of the application of miRNA in the diagnosis,therapy and prognosis of lung cancer.