2008—2012年郴州市尘肺病初次诊断病例分析

Analysis on newly diagnosed cases of pneumoconiosis in Chenzhou City from 2008-2012

目的了解郴州市2008—2012年尘肺病发病情况,为控制尘肺病提供科学依据。方法收集郴州市疾病预防控制中心2008年1月1日—2012年12月31日职业病诊断资料,运用SPSS 17.0统计软件对尘肺病初次诊断病例进行回顾性分析。结果 2008—2012年郴州市初次诊断尘肺病病例共627名,全部为男性;Ⅰ期233例,Ⅱ期278例,Ⅲ期116例;平均发病年龄为(49.24±8.74)岁,平均接尘工龄(16.38±8.14)a,不同期别尘肺诊断年龄与接尘工龄存在差异;尘肺病病例主要来自私有企业,集中在煤炭开采和洗选业及有色金属矿采选业;该市11个县市区均有尘肺病病例发生,按企业所在地和劳动者户籍所在地划分,排在前3位的均为嘉禾县、宜章县、永兴县;尘肺期别高的患者肺功能损害程度重。结论重点抓好煤炭、有色金属行业的尘肺病防治工作,加大职工定期健康检查范围和力度,及早发现尘肺病患者,对控制尘肺病发生发展具有指导意义。

[ Objective ] To understand incidence of pneumoconiosis in Chenzhou City from 2008 to 2012, provide scientific basis for control of pneumoeoniosis. [ Methods ] The diagnosis data of occupational disease in Chenzhou Center for Disease Control and Pre- vention from January 1,2008 to December 31, 2012 were collected, and the newly diagnosed cases of pneumoconiosis were ana- lyzed retrospectively by SPSS 17.0 statistical software. [ Results] A total of 627 newly diagnosed pneumoconiosis cases were reported in Chenzhou City from 2008 to 2012, and all patients were male, including 233 cases at stage Ⅰ , 278 cases at stage Ⅱ , and 116 cases at stage Ⅲ. The average onset age was 49.24 ± 8.74 year-old, and the average dust exposure year was 16.38 ± 8.14 years. There were significant differences in diagnosed age and dust exposure year among different stage groups. Most cases occurred in pri- vate enterprises, which mainly concentrated in coal mining, washing industry, and nonferrous metal mineral acquisition. The pneu- moconiosis cases were reported in all 11 counties of Chenzhou City. According to the location of enterprises and registered residence of workers, the top three counties of incidence were Jiahe County, Yizhang County and Yongxing County, The serious lung function damages were observed in patient with high stage of pneumoeoniosis. [ Conclusion ] In order to control the occurrence and develop- ment of pneumoeoniosis, it is urgent to strengthen the prevention and treatment of pneumoconiosis in coal mining and nonferrous metal industry , enhance the scope and intensity of regular health examination among workers, and discover pneumoconiosis patients as early as possible.