新生儿住院疾病及死因谱动态分析

A Dynamic Analysis on the Spectrums of the Disease and Death Cause of Hospitalized Neonates

目的 :探讨降低新生儿死亡率的医疗、保健工作重点。方法 :对 1476 9例住院新生儿疾病谱、死因谱等进行统计分析。结果 :住院男性例数高出女性 2 .4倍。住院疾病谱 90年代中期和 80年代中期比较一致性差 ,差异有显著性意义。早产儿、L BWI、出生≤ 3d者为死亡新生儿中的半数以上。住院病死率由 2 5 .5 %下降至 10 .8% (P<0 .0 1) ,90年代中期与各个分期死因谱比较一致性高。 HIE、硬肿症、肺炎、腹泻、败血症和溶血症病死率下降。结论 :要加强早产低体重儿的监护管理水平 ,改善女婴、女童的医疗保健服务条件 ,控制感染性疾病和产伤性疾病。

Aim:To establish a focal point of medical and health work reducing neonatal mortality.Method:Case histories of 14,769 neonates admitted to our hospital during last 12 years were statistically analyzed.Result:The data extracted from the analysis showed that male infants admitted were 2.4 times more than the female infants.The data also showed that the spectrum of disease during mid 90's was much different from that during the mid 80's.Of the infants died in the hospital,more than 50% were premature infants,low body weight infants(LBWI) and infants died within 3 days after birth.The mortality decreased,however,by more than 50%,from 25.5% in the 80's to 10.8% in the 90's( P <0.01).The spectrum of death cause during the 90's was relatively consistent,infants died du to HIE,scleroas smelling,preumonia,diarrhea,septicaemia and hemolytic disease were reduced.Conclusion:Attentions should be paid to monitor and care for the infants born of low body weight,to improve the condition or facilities of health care for female neonates and all children,and to control the infectious diseases and birth injuries.