鲁豫皖大豆产区大豆花叶病毒株系的鉴定及动态变化分析

Identification and Variation Analysis of Soybean Mosaic Virus Strains in Shandong,Henan and Anhui Provinces of China

大豆花叶病毒（soybean mosaic virus，SMV）病是一种世界性大豆病害，严重影响大豆产量和品质。对2010年采集的鲁豫皖等大豆产区14个县市的383份病毒病样进行生物纯化及血清学检测，得到64个SMV分离物及部分其他病毒分离物。利用一套统一的SMV株系鉴别寄主对64个SMV阳性分离物进行接种鉴定。根据其在10个鉴别寄主上的反应，将其归为13个株系。其中11个株系与以往在该地区鉴定的株系SC3-SC9、SC11、SC13-SC15相同，一个株系是以往在该地区没有发现而在其他地区存在的株系SC17，另外一个是以往从没有发现过的株系，它能侵染广谱抗源科丰1号，为中强毒株系，现定名为SC22。株系SC3、SC7、SC8和SC13目前仍然是鲁豫皖等地区的主要流行株系，其比率分别为23．4％、14．1％、15．6％和10．9％，是抗病育种和品种审定需要考虑的株系。本研究明确了鲁豫皖等地区SMV株系的变化趋势，可为确定当地大豆抗病育种的方向提供指导。

Soybean mosaic virus（SMV） is one of the most broadly distributed viral diseases worldwide in soybean[ Glycine max （ L. ） Men＇. ]. It causes yield loss and seed quality deficiency seriously. The purpose of this study was to conduct identification and variation analysis of the SMV strains from Shandong, ttenan, Anhui and other provinces. The results showed that 64 isolates of 383 specimens were positive to SMV. According to the responses to the 10 soybean differentials,64 isolates were grouped into 13 strains. Twelve of 13 strains were respectively same as reported strains SC3-SC9, SC11, SC13-SC15 and SC17. A new strain was discovered and assigned SC22. The comparison between present and previous identification results of SMV strain showed that the strains SC3,SC7,SC8 and SC13 still were predominant in Shandong, Henan, Anhui and other provinces. The ratio of them to total number of the isolates respectively were 23.4%, 14. 1 %, 15.6% and 10.9%. We suggested that SC3 and SC7 were used as target strains of the soybean breeding program for resistance to SMV in these regions.