平衡栽培技术在沿江粳稻机插上的应用研究

On Application of Balanced Cultivation Technology in Along-river Japonica Rice Mechanical Transplanting

引进示范"水稻机插平衡栽培技术",借鉴"平衡栽培的理念,开展沿江稻区杂交中粳机插稻适宜品种选择、适宜播栽期探索、明确丰产高效栽培的产量结构和再拍技术关键,总结出适合沿江杂交中粳高产平衡栽培的技术要点,并进行了示范验证。即选择嘉优2号机插、百亩示范方径省级专家实产验收平均产量达10 615.6 kg/hm2;其平衡栽培技术路线是:选择大穗高产适应性强的品种,发挥品种的增产潜力;通过精量匀播、培育壮秧、适龄移栽、精量取秧,提高栽插质量;科学运筹肥水、及时防除病虫草害;缩短栽后缓苗期促发低位分蘖、控制高峰苗,减少无效分蘖,从而实现杂交中稻分蘖前后生长均衡、分蘖与成穗均衡和主茎与分蘖穗均衡,构建高质量植物群体,实现高产高效。

Introducing rice mechanical transplanting balanced cultivation technique, referring to balanced cultivation concept, selecting of suitable variety, exploring of appropriate sowing period, determining abundant yield and high-efficient cultivation yie]d structure were coudu- aed for hybrid middle-season japonica rice mechanical transplanting along the river, the key techniques for high yield and balanced cultivation of hybrid middle-season japonica rice along the river were summarized and verified by demonstration test. By selecting Jiayou No. 2, the aver- age yield could reach 10 615.6 kg/hm2 ; the balanced cultivation technique routine is： choosing varieties with big ear, strong adaptability; culturing stronger seedling, transplanting at proper time, improving transplanting quality; scientifically operating fertilizer and water, timely preventing and controlling diseases and pests; shortening transplanting period, reducing invalid tillering, so as to construct high quality plant community, realize high yield and efficiency.