道德教育中个体自主意识的界定

The Definition of Individual Self-awareness in Moral Education

长期以来,我国道德教育受农耕思想和应试教育影响,其特点是强调社会意识的权威,忽略个体自主意识的尊重和培养,这使道德教育呈现出教条化的僵化倾向。而缺乏个体道德自主意识的道德教育会割裂个体意识和社会意识良性互动,这会使社会道德规范在个体德性约束方面出现畸形——或阳奉阴违或盲目顺从。道德教育的真正目的在于引导社会个体发现自己并教会其发挥自己的能力,也就是道德自主意识。本文从道德自主意识的设立目的、行使原则和重点内容方面进行论证道德自主意识的内涵。

The traditional farming ideology and exam-oriented education has influenced the morality education in China for a long period of time, which is characterized by emphasis on the authority of social consciousness, ignoring individual respect and self-awareness training. All of this has made morality education dogmatic. Moreover, the lack of self-awareness in moral education will prohibit the positive interaction between individual and social consciousness. This may lead to deformity （ostensible or blind obedience） when social ethics restrict the individual moral constraint. The true functions of education lie in the fact that education should guide the individuals to find themselves and teach them how to develop their abilities, which needs individual consciousness. This paper demonstrates the connotation of moral individual consciousness from three aspects： motivation of instanration ; exertion principle, and main content.