《日本文化基本法》的考察及其对中国的启示

Observation of Japan's Basic Cultural Law and Its Enlightenment to China

日本立法实践表明,文化基本法重点发挥的是文化人权法与文化政策法的功能,厚植文化国力的根本在于全面提高"人"的文化艺术修养。中国文化政策存在稳定性不足、文化人权相对忽视及文化政绩化、功利化现象,亟待尽快制定文化基本法,就文化发展的基本理念、不同主体的权责义务及各项文化政策作出规定,以实现文化重要性教育,明确文化政策方向及保障文化人权,保证文化大发展大繁荣成为"有源之水"与"有本之木"。

Japan＇s legislation practice indicates that Basic Cultural Law mainly acts as the law on cultural human rights and cultural policy, and that the essence of increasing a country＇s cultural power is to improve people＇s cultural and artistic awareness. Our country needs one Cultural Basic Law for the shortage of cultural policies＇ stability, the neglect of cultural human rights, and the cultural vanity projects and cultural utilitarianism. To ensure a great development of culture prosperity, the content of the law should consist of the basic philosophy of culture development, rights and obligations of different bodies, cultural policies, thus achieving education of the significance of culture, confirming the direction of culture policies and protecting cultural human rights.