时苗本事及汉魏之际吏风的转变

Reviewing Weilüe·Qingjie Zhuan by Yu Huan─Focusing on Shi Miao and Such Pure and Upright Officers

东汉建安年间寿春令时苗去任留犊的史事,首见于三国魏人鱼豢所撰《魏略·清介传》。史家独取"清介"二语表而出之,以为类传之名,可从汉季曹魏以"清"为美之社会政治风尚中获得说明。此间,政治文化经由标举"清流"、"党锢"、"清议"而逐渐发生了流转,其中"清介"之吏及相关吏风的出现显示了这种演变的一个方面。所谓"清介",同后汉的"清流"、"党锢"、"清议",甚至《史记》、两《汉书》所表彰的循吏吏风已殊多不同。"清介"吏风的显于当世,多少携带着曹操个人风格影响的痕迹。

In the times of Jian＇an of Eastern Han, Shi Miao finished his governing in the county of Shouchun and left a calf. This famous historical event was firstly founded out in Yu Huan＇s Weiliie . Qingjie Zhuan, who was a person from Cao Wei in Three Kingdoms. Historians had selected these two Chinese eharacters＂Qingjie＂ as the name of biographies of such officers who had Shi Miao＇s similar qualities, such as clear, honest and upright. This phenomenon was caused by Cao Wei＇s social political climate which regarded pure and clear （Qing） as the beauty. Political cultures here had gradually changed from ＂Qingliu＂, ＂Qingyi＂. One of them was the appearance of Shi Miao and such officers and the offieialdom＇s ＂Qing＂ atmosphere. The so-called ＂Qingjie＂ already had many different features from the Later Han＇s ＂Qingliu＂, ＂Qingyi＂. Moreover, it is not as same as the highly commended officers＇ quality in Shiji and two Hanshus. The official climate of ＂Qingjie＂, more or less, had been influenced by Cao Cao＇s individual style.