正常单胎孕11～14^(+6)周胎儿超声心动图研究

Fetal Echocardiographic Evaluation in Normal Fetuses Between 11 and 14^(+6) Gestational Weeks

目的探讨孕11~14+6周行胎儿超声心动图扫查的可行性。方法经腹扫查322例11~14+6周正常单胎胎儿心脏,尽量取得四腔心切面、左右室流出道切面及三血管切面、主动脉长轴切面,分析不同孕周各切面的显示情况。结果相同孕周心脏各主要切面显示率不同,不同孕周同一切面显示率亦不同。随孕周增大,各切面显示率逐渐提高。孕11~11+6周、12~12+6周及13~13+6周各切面显示率组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但13~13+6周与14~14+6周四腔心切面显示率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同孕周,四腔心切面显示率最高,三血管切面显示率最低。13周后,心脏各个切面显示率可达80~90%。结论于早孕晚期和中孕早期行胎儿超声心动图扫查,有利于早期发现胎儿严重先天性心脏病。

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of the fetal heart scanning in normal fetuses between 11 and 14 ^＋6 Ges- tational weeks. Methods 322 fetal hearts were scanned with transabdominal probe. Four chamber view, left and right outflow view, three vessels view and aortic long axis view were obtained. The visualization rates and content visualization rates of these views under different gestational age were recorded and analyzed. Results The visualization rates of these five views were different in the same gestational weeks. The visualization rates of the same view were different too in the different gestational weeks. The visualization rates of these views increased with gestational ages. Among 11 ~ 11 ＋6 weeks ,12 - 12^ ＋6 weeks and 13 - 13 ^＋6 weeks the visualization rates of each view in successive gestational age showed re- markable difference （P 〈0. 05）. Between 13 -13 ^＋6 weeks and 14 - 14^ ＋6 weeks the visualization rates of four chamber view in successive gestational age showed no difference（P 〉 0. 05 ）. The four chamber view has the highest rate of visual- ization. The three vessels view has a poor rate of visualization. After 13 weeks, The visualization of these views were 80 - 90%. Conclusions Fetal heart scanning in the late first trimester and the early second trimester will benefit to find sever congenital heart disease.