冬小麦套种草木樨对土壤理化性质的影响

The Effects of Winter Wheat Interplanting Sweet Clover on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties

研究冬小麦套种草木樨对土壤理化性质的影响，为冬小麦套种栽培提供理论依据。以冬小麦套种草木樨为处理组，单种冬小麦为对照组；研究处理组与对照组对土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾、碱解氮、有效磷、有效钾含量及土壤容重、盐分等指标的影响。结果表明，套种处理土壤中有机质、全氮、全磷含量高于对照组且差异极显著（P〈0．01）；土壤碱解氮含量除9月0～20cin低于对照组其余都高于对照组，有效磷结果与之相反；有效钾含量高于对照组，且在7月各土层差异极显著（P〈0．01）。套种处理土壤容重较对照处理高，但仍在可耕作范围内；套种处理盐分较对照处理低，且套种处理盐分含量总体呈下降趋势，对照处理呈上升趋势。冬小麦套种草木樨能提高土壤综合肥力，改善土壤营养，充分利用土壤养分，降低土壤盐分；套种草木樨用地养地同时也为畜牧业提供优质牧草，促进农畜共同发展。

The soil physical and chemical properties of winter wheat interplanting sweet clover were studied in this paper. With winter wheat interplanting sweet clover as treatment group （T）, a single winter wheat as the control group （CK）, the soil organic matter （ OM）, total nitrogen （ TN ）, total phosphorus （ TP）, total potassium （ TK）, alkali solution nitrogen （ ASN ）, available phosphorus （AP）, available potassium（AK） content and soil bulk density（ SB）, the salt content（SC） were determined. The results showed that in the treatment group, the organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus content in soil is higher than that of the CK at significant level （P 〈 0. 01 ）, Alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen in addition to the September 0 - 20 cm were lower than the CK, and others were higher than that of CK, available phosphorus is in contrast, rapidly- available potassium content were higher than that of CK, and reached extremely significant difference （P 〈 0. 01 ） in July. The SB were higher that of CK. In T treatment the SC were lower that of CK, and presented a downward trend overall, whereas the SC in CK presented a increasing trend. The study indicated that the winterwheat interplanting sweet clover could improve soil comprehensive fertility, improve soil nutrient, make full use of soil nutrients, re- duce the soil salt; sweet clover also for livestock forage grass of utilizing land while maintaining it, to promote agriculture and the ani- mal husbandry common development.