印度人口发展状况与人口政策

Research on India's Population Development and Population Policy

基于印度人口发展的历史资料与最新统计数据,从规模、结构和空间分布三个维度剖析印度人口状况,指出人口总量持续增长但增速减缓、年龄结构变化平稳但性别比失衡、人口总体密集但区域差异较大、不受限制的人口流动加重了市政管理负担是当前印度人口发展的特点。对此,印度政府曾采取不少措施但收效甚微。研究发现,基于中印两国国情有很多共同之处,印度在经济发展中出现的人口问题以及所采取的人口政策对中国有所警示和启示。

From three dimensions of population analysis India＇s population situation and its existing problem will be ana- lyzed by using historical data and the latest statistics of India＇ s population. The paper pointed out the characteristics of India＇ s population, that is to say, the total population continues to grow but the growth rate slowed down, the age structure changes steadily but the sex ratio imbalances, people densely populated in the overall but regional differences are large, unrestricted population mobility increased municipal administrative burden. Therefore, the India government issued much population poli- cy but little effect. The paper show that China and India have much common conditions, existing population issues in India warned China and provide China with negative experiences.