健康教育对尘肺患者生存质量影响的研究

Investigation on the effects of health education on the quality of life in patients with pneumoconiosis

目的探讨实施健康教育对提高尘肺病患者对尘肺病相关知识和改善生存质量的影响。方法采用自行设计的尘肺病知识问卷和生存质量表WHO QOL-100对148例尘肺病患者健康教育前后和132例健康对照组进行问卷调查。结果职业健康教育显著改善了尘肺病患者对尘肺相关知识的了解(P<0.05),尘肺病患者健康教育前后和对照组的生存质量表WHO QOL-100评分分别为(10.28±3.04)、(12.86±2.78)和(13.24±1.74)。健康教育后尘肺组的WHO QOL-100评分显著高于健康教育前(P<0.05),健康教育后的评分与对照组无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论健康教育对提高尘肺病患者的尘肺病知识水平、改善心理健康状况和生存质量有重要的积极作用,值得进一步推广应用。

Objective To investigate the effects of health education on the improvement of the knowledge of pneumoco- niosis, psychological health and quality of life in patients with pneumoconiosis. Methods A total of 148 patients with pneumoconiosis were asked to fulfill the pneumoeoniosis knowledge form, SCL-90 form and WHO QOL-IO0 form be- fore and after the health education. Besides, 132 healthy men served as the control group were also asked to accom- plish the forms. Results The healthy education improved the knowledge of pneumoconiosis in patients with pneumoco- niosis significantly （P 〈 0.05）. The SCL-90 scores of the patients with pneumoconiosis before and after education and the healthy man were 168.25±14.87, 129.47±12.59 and 125.27±15.62, respectively. The WHO QOL-100 scores of the patients with pneumoeoniosis before and after education and the healthy man were 10.28±3.04, 12.86±2.78 and 13.24±1.74, respectively. The scores of SCL-90 and WHO QOL-100 were improved significantly after the education （P 〈 0.05）, and no significant differences were observed between the results of patients after education and the healthy men （P 〉 0.05）. Conclusion The health education has positive effects on the knowledge level, psychological health and quality of life, and it＇ s worthy of further application.