房山区2010年-2012年食品中细菌性污染监测结果分析

Analysis of bacterial contamination monitoring in foods in Fangshan district from 2010 to 2012

目的了解房山区市售食品细菌污染状况,为食源性疾病监测和辖区食品安全风险评估提供科学依据。方法依据《北京市食品污染物监测网工作手册》对食品进行监测。结果 2010年-2012年间对310份食品进行了卫生指标和致病菌检测,总检出率为25.8%。卫生指示菌不合格率为20%,致病菌检出率为12.9%,检出单增李斯特、沙门菌、副溶血性弧菌、金黄色葡萄球菌[1];创伤弧菌、志贺菌、O157:H7未检出。生肉类、水产品和凉拌菜污染较严重,生肉以单增李斯特菌和沙门菌污染程度高,检出率分别为32.72%和7.27%;水产品以副溶血性弧菌检出率最高,为27.5%;凉拌菜致病菌主要是金黄色葡萄球菌,检出率17.5%,同时卫生指示菌不合格情况严重。结论房山区市售食品中细菌性污染严重,存在食源性疾病隐患,应加强食品安全管理。

Objective To understand the bacterial contamination condition in foods in Fangshan district, and provide scientific basis for food - borne diseases monitoring and food safety risk assessment in Fangshan district. Methods The food - borne pathogens in food were monitored based on ＂Handbook for food contaminants monitoring in Beijing＂. Results A total of 310 food samples were detected from 2010 to 2012 with an overall detection rate of 25.8%. The unqualified hygiene indexes accounted for 20% , while the pathogenic bacteria accounted for 12.9%. Salmonella, Listeria monocytogenes, Vibrio Parahaemolyticus and Staphylococcus aureus were all detected, while Shigella, Vibrio vulnificus and E. coli O157：H7 were not. Raw meat, cold dish and aquatic products were vulnerable for bacterial contamination. Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella were the major contaminants in raw meat with detection rates of 32.72% and 7.27%, respectively; Vibrio Parahaemolyticus had the highest detection rate （27.5%） in aquatic products; Cold dish was mainly contaminated by Staphylococcus aureus with the positive rate of 17.5% , as well as serious pollution of hygiene indexes. Conclusion In Fangshan district, the food products were found serious bacterial contamination, indicating hidden risk of food - borne diseases, so it is necessary to strengthen supervision and management on food safety.