新疆某市吸毒人群艾滋病病毒感染率的病例对照研究

Case- control study of HIV infection in drug users in Xinjiang

目的了解某市吸毒人群艾滋病病毒感染率及流行特征,探讨制定HIV感染的防控措施。方法选择某市2009年-2011年所有在押人员2141人作为调查对象,进行人群特征、吸毒行为与HIV感染的病例对照研究。结果调查对象HIV感染率为0.93%,其中吸毒人员HIV感染率为3.81%。吸毒与HIV感染率的关系在不同民族中表现不同,少数民族中吸毒者HIV感染率高于不吸毒者(χ2=6.56,P=0.01),汉族中两组差异则无统计学意义;吸毒者感染HIV的风险是非吸毒者的3.68倍。男、女性HIV感染率差异无统计学意义。少数民族感染HIV的风险是汉族的4.51倍。结论在少数民族中加强共用针具危害性大的健康宣教,同时,在吸毒人群中开展针具交换和推广使用安全套等措施,是降低某市HIV感染率的重要举措。

Objective To study the incidence and epidemic characteristics of HIV infection in drug users, in order to adopt intervening measures for control and prevention of HIV infection. Methods A total of 2141 prisoners were involved in the case - control study to analyze the crowd characteristics, behaviors of drug use and HIV infection. Results The total HIV infection rate was 0.93% , and that was 3.81% in drug users. The correlation of drug use and HIV infection was different in nationalities. The HIV infection rate of drug users was higher than that of others in minority（χ^2 = 6.56, P = 0. 01 ） , and that was same in Han. The risk of HIV infection on drug users was 3.68 times as high as others. The HIV infection rates between men and women had no statistical difference. The risk of HIV infection on minority was 4.51 times as high as Han. Conclusion To know the dangers of needles sharing is important to reduce the HIV infection risk, especially in minority. The intervention of exchanging needles and using condom was propitious to reduce HIV infection on drug users.