医院感染病原菌分布及抗菌药物敏感性分析

Distribution and antibacterial resistance of nosocomial infection pathogens

目的了解2012年我院医院感染病原菌的分布特点及其对抗菌药物的敏感性,促进临床合理使用抗菌药物。方法细菌鉴定采用梅里埃VITEK鉴定系统,药物敏感试验采用纸片扩散法,实验数据采用WHONET 5.4软件进行统计分析。结果共分离医院感染病原菌3306株,其中大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和鲍曼不动杆菌检出率较高。ESBL+大肠杆菌和肺炎克雷伯菌较ESBL-菌的敏感率明显降低,泛耐药鲍曼不动杆菌多见,甲氧西林耐药的葡萄球菌敏感率明显低于甲氧西林敏感的葡萄球菌,发现耐万古霉素肠球菌1株。结论 2012年我院医院感染病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主,病原菌耐药率较高,多重耐药菌多见,需加强对医院感染的认识和药敏监测,帮助临床合理选择和使用抗菌药物,控制和减少医院感染的发生。

Objective To investigate the distribution and antibacterial resistance of nosocomial infection pathogens in provincial hospital affiliated to Shandong university in 2012, so as to guide the reasonable use of antibacterial agents. Methods The bacteria were identified with VITEK analysis system and disc diffusion tests were used to study the antimicrobial resistance. The data was analyzed by the software WHONET 5.4. Results There were 3306 strains of nosocomial infection pathogens, and escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococcus aureus and baumanii had high positive rate. The antibiotic sensitivity of ESBL ＋ escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were inferior to the ESBL- obviously. There were many pan - drug resistant baumanii. The antibiotic sensitivity of the MRSA was inferior to the MSSA. Only one vancomyci - resistant enterococci was found. Conclusion The main nosocomial infection pathogen was Gram - negative bacilli, showing high drug resistance rate and frequent multiple - drug resistance. It is necessary to strengthen the cognition and monitoring on the nosocomial infection to help the clinical physicians select and use antibacterial drugs reasonably and reduce the incidence of nosocomial infection.