国民革命时期中共“平民政权”思想的演进轨迹

The Evolutionary Trajectory of the CPC's Thinking on the"Popular Regime"During the National Revolution

国民革命为幼年期的中共走进现代中国政治舞台的中心提供了重要的历史机遇。共产党人不再企求在中国一步实现苏维埃式的无产阶级专政,而是运用马克思主义的观点方法,剖析中国社会的基本结构、主要矛盾以及由此决定的社会性质和特点,考察各主要历史阶级的经济和政治状况以及对于革命的态度,并在此基础上制定了建立多阶级联合专政的政权目标。随着革命进程的推进,中共内部对中国革命一系列基本问题尤其是对国民革命联合战线中各阶级地位与作用认识上的分歧逐渐显现,进而形成了两种不同的革命思路和策略主张。大革命给共产党人留下极其深刻的经验教训,同时也开启了马克思主义中国化的历史进程。

The national revolution provided an important historical opportunity for the young CPC to take the political center stage in modern China.Party members ceased to pursue the immediate establishment of a Soviet-style dictatorship of the proletariat and,using a Marxist viewpoint and methods,began to analyze the basic structure of Chinese society and its main contradictions,as well as the nature and features of society thus determined.They examined the economic and political situation of the main historical classes and their attitudes to revolution and on this basis formulated the goal of a multi-class united dictatorship.As the revolution developed,there was divergence within the Party on basic questions of the Chinese revolution,especially on how to understand the position and role of class in the national revolution's united front.This gave rise to two different approaches and strategies for the revolution.The great revolution provided Party members with profound experiences and lessons,and simultaneously opened up the historical advance of the Sinicization of Marxism.