国人乙状窦沟的应用解剖学研究

The study of applied anatomy of the groove of sigmoid sinus

目的 研究乙状窦沟的形态、位置及其毗邻关系 ,为神经外科及耳科手术提供解剖学依据。方法 观察乙状窦沟的形态、位置 ,乙状窦沟上曲在颅外的标志点 ;利用游标卡尺等测量、统计分析乙状窦沟的宽度、深度及其与前庭小管外口、内听道后下唇、外耳道后上棘、后半规管的距离 ,并对比双侧差异。结果 乙状窦沟位于岩骨后部 ,呈“乙”字形 ,上曲有 74.5 %在颅外对应点是顶乳缝前角 ;测量结果依次为 :9.75 ,5 .5 5 ,9.5 7,2 2 .0 7,12 .42 ,8.67mm ,其中乙状窦沟的宽度、深度及其与前庭小管外口的距离双侧差异有统计学意义。结论 乙状窦沟与毗邻各结构有一定的关系 ,是岩骨内侧一个明显且重要的骨性标志 ,上曲在颅外对应点多为顶乳缝前角 。

Objective To study morphologic feature and relationship with adjacent structure of the groove of sigmoid sinus (GSS) in order to provide an anatomic basis for neurosurgery and otolosurgery. Methods\ To observe morphology and location of GSS and find extracranial mark spot of upper curvature of GSS, and to measure and statistic depth and length of GSS, the distances from the frontal edge of GSS to Henle's spine, the external aperture of the vesibulasr aqueduct, interolaterial lip of interior auditory meatus, and posterior semicircular canal, and contrast the difference of left and right side. Results\ The configuration of GSS was “乙”-shape; the extracranial mark spot of upper curvature of GSS was anterior angulus mastoideus ossis parietalis in 74.5% of all; the results of measurement were 9.75,5.55,9.57,22.07,12.42, 8.67 mm in turns, which were significant difference between left and right side of the depth and length of GSS, and the distances from GSS to the external aperture of the vesibulasr aqueduct. Conclusion\ GSS was significant anatomy mark on the inner surface of petrous bone; there were some relationship between GSS and adjacent structure; preceding sigmoid sinus often appear at right.