“体育”一词译法及内涵探讨

On the Translation and Connotation of the Word “Ti Yu”

国内被统一称为"体育"的这一词承载着过多的内涵与外延,而意义宽泛的中文无法与北美相关词汇作比较。因此,作者试图从国人理解的对应英文译法与本土的英文进行对比,从而在这一层面上求同存异,寻找较佳的汉语表达词汇。本文通过对中国和北美地区主要高校的体育院系称谓、期刊刊名中"体育"相关用词进行对比研究,发现中国统一化的表达与英文差异化的翻译出现矛盾,而翻译中出现了"Sport"和"Physical Education"的单一化表达又与北美用词的多样化形成鲜明对比,显示出了国内外对体育学科称谓上的巨大差异。经过在英文环境中的对比分析,发现"体育"的较佳表达——Kinesiology,加之国内对于"体育"一词的习惯称谓,我们暂把"Kinesiology"一词翻译为"体育学"之义,旨在通过英文表达扩展传统中文"体育"的含义。

The word ＂Ti Yu＂ in Chinese carries so many connotations and denotations that it cannot be easily compared with the relevant vocabularies in North America. The author tries to make a comparison between the native English expres sions and the socalled equivalent English translation in order to find the more appropriate Chinese expressions. This paper makes a contrastive study of the names of the physical educational departments of the major universities in China and North America and the relevant word usage in journals ,finding that the expressions in Chinese are rather unified while the expres sions in English are rather varied;furthermore, there is a sharp contrast between the simplified translation ＂sport＂ and physical education＂ and the various expressions used in North America. It shows that there exists great discrepancy in the expressions of physical education at home and abroad. By this contrastive analysis, the author suggests that ＂kinesiology＂ is the more appropriate word for ＂Ti Yu Xue＂, hoping to expand the meaning of the traditional word ＂Ti Yu＂.