东营市可持续控蚊示范区技术措施及效果评价的研究

A study on the technical measures and effect evaluation for the mosquito sustainable management in the demonstration area of Dongying city of Shandong Province

目的设立控蚊示范区,探索减少蚊虫危害,预防蚊媒病发生和流行的技术措施和可靠的控蚊效果评价方法,保护当地居民的身心健康和生命安全。方法将控蚊示范区划分为一级、二级、三级和四级防控区,对成蚊及幼虫进行形态学鉴定;进行淡色库蚊抗药性和杀虫剂筛选试验;制定行之有效的技术措施方案,采取可靠的控蚊效果评价方法,采用蚊虫综合防治的方法,大面积防控成蚊和幼虫。结果采取控蚊技术措施后,摸清了示范区蚊虫孳生地分布;掌握了示范区蚊虫的优势种群;开展了不同蚊种的季节消长规律;查明成蚊与温度、降雨量、湿度之间的相关性;开展了淡色库蚊对不同杀虫剂的抗药性调查;筛选了适合本地区的杀虫剂;进行了不同孳生地球型芽孢杆菌和苏云金杆菌防治蚊幼虫实验;对控蚊示范区实施了全面化学杀灭实验和防蚊实验。效果评价则使用相关密度指数作为效果评价方法,以及资料考核评价,进行杀灭幼虫效果评价和杀灭成蚊效果评价。结论本项目的实践,使得示范区各种蚊虫密度大幅度降低,并有效的降低了媒介传染病的发病率,具有重要的现实意义和控蚊示范作用。

Objective Through setting up demonstration area,to explore the technical messures of reducing mosqui- to＇s harm,which reduce mosquito＇s harm and prevent the mosquito-borne disease,to keep the local people＇s health and life safety. Methods The demonstration area would be devided into four prevention and control areas ： the first level area, the second level area, the third level area and the forth level area. To draw up the effective technical mes- sures and implement it, to evlauate the effect of practice and sum up experience and try an experiment first and then spread the experience, make it popular. Results The kinds and dominant species of mosquito were found out in the different areas through investigion of the mosquito＇ s distribution in the demonstration plot, and analisis the correlations between the mosquito and temperature, rainfall, humdity, etc. Investigation of resistance to different insecticides of Cu- lex pipiens pallens was made. And screened the insecticide suiting for the area. An experiment of different breeds of earth type Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus thuringiensis against mosquito larvae. The experiment implementation of a com- prehensive chemical killing and mosquito control was carried in the mosquito control area. Comprehensive prevention and control measures of mosquitoes wad adopted to prevent and control the mosquito in a large area, then reduced the mosquito density in prevention areas. The mosquito borne disease incidence decreased effectively. Conclusion The implemention of the project will promote the health-culture consruction, enhance people＇ s great - health awareness. It is also significant and demonstrative for the promotion of the civilized city, helthy city, ecological city, environmetal model city and living city.