东营市蚊虫种群密度监测及季节消长调查研究

Investigation on the mosquito population density and seasonal fluctuation in Dongying city

目的掌握东营市的蚊虫种群密度情况及季节消长趋势，为进一步的蚊虫防治工作提供科学依据。方法设立1—4级蚊虫监测片区，采用勺捕法监测蚊幼虫密度，成蚊密度监测采用CO2诱蚊灯法，对采集的成蚊及幼虫进行形态学鉴定，记录环境温度、降雨量、相对湿度等气象因素。结果蚊幼虫平均密度从1～3级监测片区逐渐增高，统计学处理，彼此间无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。蚊幼虫从5月份开始出现，密度逐月增高，在7—8月份达到高峰。9月份后逐月下降，10月下旬未再被监测出。各种成蚊的季节变化趋势具有一致性，即从5月开始出现，逐月升高，8月份成蚊密度达到最高，从9月份开始逐渐下降，到11月上旬消失。通过使用SPSS13．0统计学处理软件对气象条件对成蚊活动的影响可以看出，成蚊的季节消长活动主要受降雨量、温度及环境因素（如食源，竞争者）的影响，相对湿度和风速的影响较弱，蚊虫季节消长与温度和降雨量成正相关性。结论在进行大面积控蚊的同时，应该加强城区蚊虫种群密度的监测，有针对性的做好医院和居民区的灭蚊、防蚊工作。

Objective To provide scientific basis for further prevention and control work of mosquito through the study on seasonal growth and decline trend of the mosquito species and density in Dongying city. Methods Moni- toring the mosquito larvae density by spoon recapture method, and monitoring the adult mosquito density by mosquito- CO2-induced-lamp method. Identificating the morphology of the collection of adult mosquitoes and larvae, and record- ing the ambient tempreture, rainfall and humidity. Results The mosquito larvae density was raising from the first- level-area to the third-level-area. There was no significant diffrence （ P 〉 0.05 ） ） in the result by statistical adjustment. The mosquito larvae apeared in May and raised untile to August, disappeared in November. The dominant species pop- ulations were Culex pipiens pallens. The adult mosquito density in hospital was obviously higher than the other three kinds of monitoring spots. The adult mosquito density reached the highest point in August in park, squarean hospital but remains stable in the resident area from June to September. The data by statistical-treat-software SPSS13.0 showed the impact on the seasonal growth and decline trend of the mosquito population with rainfall, tempreture and ambient facors （foods, competitor eg. ）. Conclusion The monitoring of mosquito species populations density should be en- hanced whlie the large area of mosquito control measures is taken. The mosquito eradication and prevention work shoud be taken pertinently in hospital and resident area.