国内车用替代燃料的发展前景

Prospect for alternative vehicle fuel development in China

2012年我国车用替代燃料使用量1280万吨左右,占全国成品油表观消费量的4.6%,比上年增加280万吨;其中车用天然气替代量850万吨,占替代总量的71%左右。文章分析了四类车用替代燃料,即车用燃气(CNG、LNG和LpG),生物质液体燃料(燃料乙醇、生物柴油),煤基液体燃料(煤制油、燃料甲醇)和电动力的发展现状和前景。认为燃料清洁化是必然的发展趋势,天然气是目前国内最现实可行的车用替代燃料;替代燃料的使用范围将不断拓宽,使用量将逐年加大。建议替代燃料的发展应全国统一规划、因地制宜多元发展;政府应为替代燃料的发展提供政策支持,并加强监管;国内各大石油公司应综合利用土地、设施等资源推广清洁燃料,避免浪费。

In 2012 China's vehicle alternative fuel consumption increased 2.8 million tons over the amount consumed in previous year to 12.8 million tons,accounting for 4.6%of the apparent consumption of refined oil.among which natural gas vehicles consume 8.5 million tons,or 71%of the total.This paper analyzed the current status and forecasted the development of four kinds of vehicle alternative fuels,including gas for vehicle(CNG,LNG and LPG),biomass liquid fuels(ethanol,biodiesel),coal-based liquid fuels(oil from coal liquefaction,methanol),and electricity.Results showed it's the trend to clean up the fuel and natural gas is most promising vehicle alternative fuel in China.And the amount and scope of vehicle alternative fuel application will continue to grow.This paper also suggests developing a national plan to guide the vehicle alternative fuel development and encouraging multiple alternative fuel options based on the local situations.The government needs to develop policies to support the development of vehicle alternative fuels and strengthen the inspection.Oil companies should take advantage of existing land,infrastructures, and other resources to promote clean fuels and avoid wasting.