1Loizou L A,Grigg D,Arkinson M,et al.A prospective comparison of laser therapy and intubation in endoscopic palliation for malignant dysphagia[].Gastroenterology.1991
2Francisco CR,Brenda D,Steven T,et al.Esophageal self-expandeble metallic stent indications, practice, techniques, and compications: results of A national survey[].Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.1997
3Richar DAK,Terrance JB,John JB,et al.Expandable versus conventional esophageal prostheses: easier insertion may not preclude subsequent stentreated problems[].Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.1996
4[6]Peter D S,Wim C J H,Mark V B,et al.A new design metal stent (Flamingo stent) for palliation of malignant dysphagia:a prospective study.Gastrointest Endosc,2000,51:139
5吴恩惠,刘玉清,贺能树.介入性治疗学[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2003:276—277.
6Cwikiel W, Stridbeck H, Tranberg KG, et al. Malignant esophageal strictures: treatment with a self-expandingnitinol stent[ J]. Radiology, 1993,187:661.
7HunYM,Song HY,Lee JM et al. Esophagorespiratory fistula due to esophageal carcinoma: Palliation with a covered gianturco stent[ J]. Radiology, 1996,199:65.
8Bartelsman JF, Bruno MJ,Jensema AJ, et al. Palliation of patients with esophagogastric neoplasms by insertion of a covered expandable modified Gianturco-Z endoprosthesis:experiences in 153 patients[ J]. Gastrointest Endosc,2000,51:134 - 138.
9Han YM, Song HY, Lee JM, et al. Esophagorespiratory fistula due to esophageal carcinoma: Palliation with a covered gianturco stent[ J ]. Radiology, 1996,199:65.
