清代工商业行会规约之体系探析——以苏州地区碑刻史料为视角

Analysis of the System of Guild Regulations in the Qing Dynasty:From the Viewpoint of the Historical Tablet Inscriptions in Suzhou

根据碑刻史料的记载,清代政府对于工商业的监管较为宽松,商人们积极地建立了许多会馆、公所这类行会组织并制定行会规约来更好地维护他们的权益。这些行会规约大致可以分为财务制度、用人制度、救济制度、商事组织制度、市场管理制度等等。分析这些制度可以发现,清代的工商业行会规约虽然是由不同的行业会所制定,但是已经发展得较为成熟并拥有了一套独特的体系。

According to the historical inscriptions on the tablets, industry and commerce were under loose supervision of the government of the Qing Dynasty. The merchants actively established a lot of guilds and guild regulations to better safeguard their benefit. These guild regulations were made up of financial system, personnel system, relief system, commercial organization system, market management system and so on. We can discover that the guild regulations in the Qing Dynasty had evolved to the degree of maturity and had their own unique system, although they were established by different guilds.