语法隐喻与级转移

On Grammatical Metaphor and Rank-shift

Halliday在1985年从系统功能语言学角度提出了语法隐喻的概念,打破了传统的隐喻观,将隐喻的概念扩充为语法隐喻与词汇隐喻。以此为基础,通过对语法隐喻的三种类型,即概念隐喻、人际隐喻、语篇隐喻做级转移、类转移和性状转移的分析,认为概念隐喻、人际隐喻与语篇隐喻并不都涉及级转移,提出级转移不是所有语法隐喻产生的必要条件,性状转移与类转移是概念隐喻产生的必要条件,Halliday提出的13种语法隐喻的类型是对概念隐喻的细分。该结论有助于明确语法隐喻的产生条件,加强对隐喻概念的理解。

Halliday proposed grammatical metaphor in 1985 from perspective of systemic-functional grammar, which is a breakthrough in the study of metaphor. Ideational metaphor, interpersonal metaphor and textual metaphor, which are three types of grammatical metaphor, are interpreted in the thesis in terms of rank-shift, status shift and class shift. It is concluded that rank-shift does not necessarily gender all types of grammatical metaphor. Status-shift and class-shift are the necessary conditions for ideational metaphor. The 13 types of grammatical metaphor proposed by Halliday belong to ideational metaphor.