中药药效评价的“水闸门”法

The Floodgate Effect on the Pharmacological Evaluation of Herbal Medicine

疾病是由于各种致病因素的综合致病力超过了人体免疫力，并达到发病阈值以上的结果。化学药品一般作用于疾病的某一发病环节，阻断病理过程，达到治疗疾病的目的。利用不同的药物作用于疾病的不同环节上，使综合致病力降低到疾病发病的阈值以下，使人体的免疫力足以对抗致病力时，疾病就能得以控制，达到治疗的目的。为了评价多种药物对疾病不同环节的综合作用，本文提出了用“水闸门”评价的一般方法，该方法把病理过程的各个阶段分为顺式途径和旁路途径两种，并初步提出了两个数学模型，以期说明用若干中等作用强度的药物对疾病各环节的阻断而达到的治疗效果，并不一定弱于那些对单靶点有高强度作用的药物的治疗作用。从而说明中药和中药复方中多种成分对疾病发病过程的不同环节或不同的靶点作用的综合性，解释中药或中药复方药效的科学内涵。

Diseases were the results of total nosogeneses exceeding over limit level of the human immunity Chemical medicine usually acts on the key enzyme or receptor in the pathological processes and cuts off the pathological process to stop the disease Drugs, acting on different pathological targets of a disease, could synengetically increase the effects of drugs while used together, and dealase the total nosogenetic power below the limit level of falling ill, i. e. whill immunity is over the nosogenetic power in human body, the disease could be inhibited or cured. To evaluate the total effect of multi - drugs acting on different targets of human body and explore the scientific connotation of traditional Chinese herbs and their combination, a method, named floodgate evaluation method, was set up Paths of pathological processes could be classified into two type sequence path and bypass path To evaluate total parallel effecting ratio of multicomponents in herbal medicine which acting on the sequence paths and bypass, the calculated expression formula were showed as in expression 1 and 2. This two simple mathematical models indicate that the total curative effect of multi - compounds in herbal medicine, due to different compounds acting on different targets with mild strength for certain targets in the pathological processes of a disease, exceed over than that of single drug or compound having very high strength for one target. The scientific background of traditional Chinese herbal medicine, contained different type compounds, to cure the disease, probably due to the comprehensive effects Of these compounds producing synergic roles upon multi - pathological targets of disease.