新疆独山子维吾尔族和汉族急性心肌梗死临床特点及冠状动脉病变分析

Difference of AMI and coronary artery lesion between Uygur nationality and Han nationality in Xinjiang Dushanzi

目的探讨新疆独山子地区维吾尔族和汉族急性心肌梗死(AMI)的临床特点及冠状动脉病变特点。方法将2005年1月至2012年1月该院收治的AMI患者分为维吾尔族组(40例)和汉族组(130例),从危险因素、发病情况、心电图改变等方面对两组患者的临床特点进行比较,并行冠状动脉造影,分析两组患者的冠状动脉病变特点。结果两组患者均以男性为主,维吾尔族60岁之前患者所占比例高于汉族(P<0.01);与汉族比较,维吾尔族发病多与过量饮酒(32.5%)、情绪异常(40.0%)、糖尿病(52.5%)、高脂血症(72.5%)有关(P<0.01),冠状动脉三支病变多见(P<0.05);而汉族患者高血压所占比例较大(P<0.05),冠状动脉病变以单支为主(P<0.05);两组患者梗死部位及梗死相关血管比较无显著差异。结论新疆独山子地区维吾尔族AMI发病较早,冠状动脉病变重,应改变生活方式及不健康的饮食习惯,早期进行积极干预。

Objective To discuss the clinical characteristics of acute myocardial infarction （AMI） and coronary artery lesion fea-tures for Uygur nationality and Han nationality in Xinjiang Dushanzi area .Methods The AMI patients during hospitalization from January 2005 to January 2012 were divide into two groups ,Group A（Uygur nationality ,n=40） and Group B（Han nationality ,n=130） ,and compared the aspects of risk factors ,morbidity situation and electrocardiogram changes etc ,carried out the coronary an-glography and analyzed the coronary artery lesion features of patients in two groups .Results The two groups of patients are male-dominated ,the AMI incidence of Uygur patients was higher than Han nationality before 60 years old（P〈0 .01）;More morbidities of Uygur nationality were related with the alcohol drinking （32 .5% ） ,mood disorders （40 .0% ） ,diabetes （52 .5% ） and hyperlipi-demia（72 .5% ）（P〈0 .01） ,and mainly coronary artery lesions were three blood vessels （P〈 0 .05） .The Han nationality patients with high blood pressure have more proportion （P〈0 .05） ,mainly coronary artery lesions were single blood vessel （P〈0 .05） .No significant differences were observed after comparing the location of infarction and related infarction blood vessels of patients in two groups .Conclusion The onset age of Uygur AMI patients in Xinjiang Dushanzi area is younger ,and the coronary artery disease is worse .It is necessary to improve the lifestyles and change unhealthy eating habits and to carry out the active intervention in early stage .