汽车座椅头枕和调角器匹配对挥鞭伤影响研究

Effects of combinations of car seat headrest and recliner parameters on whiplash injury

为进一步提高汽车座椅的防挥鞭伤性能,研究了座椅头枕和调角器参数匹配对乘员挥鞭伤的影响.基于CNCAP鞭打试验工况,建立并验证了某乘用车座椅鞭打试验力学模型.为研究座椅各参数之间的交互作用,采用多参数多目标的分析方法探讨了在追尾碰撞中汽车座椅设计参数匹配对乘员颈部伤害的影响.研究结果表明,当头枕位置距离头部较近、较高时,应匹配较大的调角器刚度;当头枕接触刚度及其旋转铰刚度较大时,应匹配较大的调角器刚度,反之则匹配较小的调角器刚度.2种匹配方式均可降低颈部伤害,为改进汽车座椅的防挥鞭伤性能提供了设计依据.

In order to further improve the anti-whiplash injury properties of a car seat, this paper considers a num- ber of different parameter combinations between headrests and recliners and their influence on occupant whiplash injury. According to C-NCAP whiplash tests, a mechanical model on whiplash-test of some car seat was established and verified. In order to research the interactive influence among seat parameters, a multi-parameter and multi-ob- jective research method was adopted to discuss the relationships between parameters matching a car seat＇s design and occupants＂ neck injuries in rear-end collisions. The simulation results show that, when the headrest is near to the head and it is high, a large recliner stiffness shall be applied; when the contact stiffness of headrest and the stiffness of its rotary joint are large, a large recliner stiffness shall be applied; contrarily, a small recliner stiffness shall be applied. Both match manners may reduce the probability of neck injuries, and the result provides a design basis for improving the anti-whiplash injury performances of the car seat as well.