考虑轮胎和路面特性的车辆制动稳定性分析

Analysis of the vehicle braking stability considering the tire and pavement features

轮胎和路面特性对车辆制动稳定性具有重要影响.基于路面分形理论和GW接触理论,对轮胎路面实际接触面积模型和粘弹性能量损失进行了简化,建立了改进的滑动摩擦因数模型,着重分析了轮胎和路面特性对滑动摩擦因数的作用;通过引入Fiala非线性轮胎模型,考虑了轮胎和路面特性对轮胎作用力的影响;根据15DOF整车模型的适当简化,提出了考虑轮胎动摩擦特性的整车模型.应用PC-Crash对整车模型进行了验证,使用Matlab对模型进行了仿真分析.结果表明:该模型能够表征轮胎和路面特性对车辆制动稳定性的影响,为研究车辆制动时各轮胎动态力差异提供理论基础.

The tyre and pavement features have a great influence on the vehicle braking stability. Based on the theo- ry of pavement fracture and the GW contact theory, the real contact area model and the viscoelastic energy loss of tyre-pavement are simplified. An improved sliding friction factor model is proposed for analyzing the impact of the tyre and pavement feature on the sliding friction factor; through the introduction of the nonlinear Fiala tyre model, the impact caused by tyre and pavement to the tyre force are considered. A new vehicle model which considers the dynamic friction characteristic of tyre has been proposed on basis of the simplification of the 15 DOF vehicle model. PC-Crash is applied for verifying the vehicle model and Matlab is used to carry out simulation analysis for the mod- el. The results show that, the model may accurately characterize the influence caused by the tyre and pavement characteristics to the vehicle braking stability, providing a theoretical basis for researching the difference between the dynamic forces of tyres in vehicle braking.