杂交竹白纹羽病生防菌的筛选与应用

Screening and Application of Biocontrol Bacterium against White Root Rot of Bambusa pervariabilis × Dendrocalamopsis grandis

本文以健康杂交竹根际土为对象,在稀释平板法获得25株芽孢杆菌基础上,采用牛津杯法、打孔法测定两株目标生防菌发酵滤波对白纹羽病菌的抑制活性,筛选出最优B2菌株,盆栽试验证明该菌株有较高生防潜能,形态学与生理生化鉴定为蜡样芽孢杆菌（Bacillus cereus）.田间试验表明该菌剂100倍～200倍（体积比）稀释度沿根系幅面灌根,每株100 mL,每年春季施用一次,可预防白纹羽病发生;50倍～100倍（体积比）稀释度沿根系幅面灌根及附近土壤淋灌,每株200 mL,春、夏各一次,连续3a,可有效治疗白纹羽病,总体效果优于甲基托布津.

In this paper,taking the rhizosphere soil of healthy hybrid bamboo as the object and based on 25 strains Bacillus spp. obtained by dilution-plate method, the fermentation activities of the two strains of biocontrol bacteria against Rosellinia necatrix were determined by the oxford cup method and the perfora- ting method. B2 was the optimal strain and the pot experiment showed that it had great biocontrol poten- tial ,which was identified as Bacillus cereus by morphology and physiology-biochemistry. The field tests showed that 100 ~200 times （volume ratio） of dilution of the bacterial inocula was used to irrigate the surface roots with 100 mL per plant and applied once in spring each year,which could prevent the occur- rence of white root rot. 50 - 100 times （ volume ratio） of dilution of the bacterial inocula was used to irri- gate the surface roots and surrounding soil with 200 mL per plant and applied twice in spring and summer each year and lasted for use of three years, which could control white root rot, and the effect was better than thiophanate methyl.