皆伐炼山对华西雨屏区杉木人工林碳库的影响

Effects of Clear-cutting and Slash Burning on Carbon Stock of Chinese Fir Plantation in the Rainy Area of Southwest China

人工林生态系统的C储量是陆地生态系统碳库之一,皆伐炼山所造成的环境负效应值得深思.本文以华西雨屏区28 a生杉木人工林为研究对象,旨在阐明皆伐和炼山对杉木人工林生态系统C库的影响.结果如下：（1）皆伐所造成的干材C转移量为85.9（±7.6）t·hm-2、（2）炼山所造成的采伐剩余物、林下层植物和凋落物C量损失分别为8.8（±0.3）t·hm-2、0.19（±0.02）t·hm-2和2.80（±0.08）t·hm-2、（3）炼山能显著降低0 ～60 cm层的土壤有机碳含量,其C损失量为39.5（±1.0）t·hm-2.炼山造成的采伐剩余物、林下层植物、凋落物和土壤有机质燃烧所释放CO2量为188.1 t·hm-2.在全球气候变化情景下,人工林皆伐炼山所造成的环境负效应不容忽视.

Carbon reserve of artificial forest ecosystem is one of the major carbon stocks of terrestrial eco- logical system. Negative environmental effects caused by clear-cutting and slash burning deserve careful thought. In this paper,28-years-old Chinese fir plantation in the rainy area of Southwest China was taken as the research objective, and the main aim was to clarify the effects of clear-cutting and slash burning on carbon stock of Chinese fir plantation. The results showed that （ 1 ） C transfer amount of wood caused by logging was 85.9 （ ± 7.6） t hm-2, （2） C loss of logging residues, understorey and litter caused by slash burning were 8.8 （±0.3） t hm-2,0. 19 （±0.02） t. hm-2 and 2.80 （±0.08） t-hm-2,re- spectively. （3） Slash burning could significantly decrease the content of soil organic carbon in 0 - 60 cm layer,the C loss was 39. 5 （ ± 1 ） t hm-2. The total release of CO2 caused by burning of the understorey plants, litter and soil organic matter,was 188.1 t hm-2. In the global climate change, negative environ- mental effects caused by clear-cutting and slash burning of plantation nust not be ignored.